alpha fetoprotein…

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what the risks are blood test, fetal alpha globulin, afp, blood test that measures the amount, alpha fetoprotein, afp, blood is drawn, a vein on the inside, the elbow, the hand, puncture site is cleaned, antiseptic, an elastic band, around the upper arm to apply pressure, restrict blood flow, the vein, veins below the band to fill, blood, a needle is inserted, vein, blood is collected in an air-tight vial, a syringe, band is removed, restore circulation, once the blood has been collected, needle is removed, puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding, an infant, young child, area is cleansed, antiseptic, punctured, a sharp needle, a lancet, blood collected, pipette, small glass tube, on a slide, onto a test strip, into a small container, cotton, a bandage applied, puncture site, any continued bleeding, , no special preparation, infants, children, test depends on child's age, previous experience, prepare child, infant test, procedure preparation, birth to 1 year, toddler test, procedure preparation, 1 to 3 years, preschooler test, procedure preparation, 3 to 6 years, schoolage test, procedure preparation, 6 to 12 years, adolescent test, procedure preparation, 12 to 18 years, the needle is inserted to draw blood, feel moderate pain, others feel only a prick, stinging sensation, some throbbing, afp, protein, produced by the liver, yolk sac of a fetus, afp levels decrease soon after birth, afp probably has no normal function in adults, afp is measured to, diagnose, monitor fetal distress, fetal abnormalities, diagnose some liver disorders, screen, monitor some cancers, pregnancy, the examination of amniotic fluid, amniocentesis, detect fetal spina bifida, defects, the fetus' neural tube associated, elevated levels of afp, males, nonpregnant females, less than 40 micrograms/liter, greater-than-normal levels of afp, cancer in testes, ovaries, biliary, liver secretion, tract, stomach, pancreas, cirrhosis, the liver, liver cancer, malignant teratoma, recovery from hepatitis, during pregnancy, increased levels of afp, fetal defects, spina bifida, anencephaly, omphalocele, tetralogy of fallot, duodenal atresia, turner's syndrome, intrauterine death, miscarriage, additional conditions under which the test performed, testicular cancer risks associated, having blood drawn, excessive bleeding, fainting, feeling lightheaded, hematoma, blood accumulating under the skin, infection, a slight risk, the skin is broken, multiple punctures to locate veins, veins, arteries vary in size, obtaining a blood sample.