bronchiolitis…

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bronchiolitis, normal lungs, alveoli, bronchiolitis, inflammation, the bronchioles, small passages, in the lungs, a viral infection, affects children under the age of 2, a peak age of 3 to 6 months, common, severe illness, respiratory syncytial virus, rsv, one common cause, viruses, cause bronchiolitis, parainfluenza, influenza, adenovirus, virus is transmitted from person-to-person by direct contact, nasal secretions, by airborne droplets, rsv generally causes, mild symptoms in an adult, cause a severe illness in an infant, bronchiolitis begins, a mild upper respiratory infection, a period of 2 to 3 days, develop into increasing respiratory distress, wheezing, a "tight", wheezy cough, infant's breathing rate, increase markedly, tachypnea, infant, become irritable, anxious-looking, disease is severe enough, infant, turn bluish, cyanotic, an indication of a critical emergency, the effort of breathing increases, parents, the nostrils flaring, each breath, muscles between the ribs retracting, intercostal retractions, the child tries to inhale air, exhausting, the child, very young infants, become so fatigued that breathing becomes difficult to maintain, bronchiolitis is seasonal, appears more frequently, in the fall, winter months, a very common reason, infants to be hospitalized, winter, early spring, children have subclinical infections, few, insignificant symptoms, estimated that by the first year, than half of all infants have been exposed to rsv, risk factors, less than 6 months old, no history of breastfed, prematurity, born, 37 weeks gestation, exposure to cigarette smoke, crowded living conditions, cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, tachypnea, intercostal retractions, nasal flaring in infants, fever, variable, bluish skin, due to lack of oxygen, cyanosis, wheezing, crackling sounds, heard by stethoscope examination of chest, decreased blood oxygen levels, detected, tests often, chest x-ray, blood gases, samples of nasal fluid cultured, what virus is present, antibiotics, not effective against viral infections, no treatment, supportive therapy, oxygen, humidified air, chest clapping(postural drainage to remove secretions, rest, clear fluids, medicines used, in the hospital, albuterol, a medication, used in asthma, steroids, in extremely ill children, antiviral medications, ribavirin, used, antiviral treatment, decrease the severity, duration, the illness, to be effective, must be administered early, in the course, the illness, symptoms have resolved, a week, difficulty breathing, improves by the third day, mortality rate is less than 1%, secondary infection, pneumonia, respiratory failure, airway disease, asthma, occur later in life, relationship between rsv infection, later development of asthma is still not understood, children, had bronchiolitis, more likely to develop asthma than those, emergency room person, child, infant, has a cold that suddenly worsens, develops rapid, shallow breathing, experiences flaring nostrils, retracting chest muscles in an effort to breathe, has difficulty breathing, develops a bluish color, in the skin, nails, lips, becomes lethargic, most cases of bronchiolitis, not readily preventable, the viruses that cause the disorder, common, in the environment, careful attention to hand washing, around infants, aid, in the prevention, spread of respiratory viruses, family members, an upper respiratory infection, careful around infants, wash hands frequently, handling the child, at this date, no rsv vaccine available, an effective product available, infants at high risk, developing severe disease from rsv, product is synagisŪ, palivizumab, consult child's physician, whether this medication would be appropriate, child.