cholera…

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digestive system, digestive system organs, v, cholerae, vibrio, cholera, infection, the small intestine, bacterium vibrio cholerae, results in profuse, watery diarrhea, cholera, acute illness characterized by watery diarrhea, toxin released by the bacteria causes, increased secretion of water, chloride ions, in the intestine, produce massive diarrhea, death, severe dehydration brought on by the diarrhea, cholera occurs in epidemics, conditions of poor sanitation, crowding, war, famine, endemic areas include india, asia, africa, mediterranean, south, central america, mexico, infection is acquired by ingesting contaminated food, water, a type of vibrio bacteria also has been associated, shellfish, raw oysters, risk factors include residence, travel in endemic areas, exposure to contaminated, untreated drinking water, sudden onset of watery diarrhea, up to 1 liter, quart, per hour, diarrhea has a "rice water" appearance, stool looks, water, flecks of rice, diarrhea has a "fishy" odor, dehydration, occur rapidly, rapid pulse, heart rate, dry skin, dry mucus membranes, dry mouth, thirst, excessive , "glassy" eyes, sunken eyes, no tears, lethargy, unusual sleepiness, tiredness, low urine output, sunken "soft spots", fontanelles, in infants, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, from mild to severe, gram stain, stool culture show cholera, blood culture, cholera, objective of treatment, replace fluid, electrolytes lost, diarrhea, depending on the condition, oral, intravenous fluid, tetracycline, antibiotics, shorten the duration, tetracycline, children, after all the permanent teeth have come in, permanently discolor teeth, still forming, world health organization, has developed an oral rehydration solution that is cheaper, easier, use than the typical intravenous fluid, solution of sugar, electrolytes is now used internationally, severe dehydration, cause death, given adequate fluids, make a full recovery, severe dehydration, profuse watery diarrhea develops, signs of dehydration occur, rapid pulse, heart rate, dry skin, dry mouth, thirst, "glassy" eyes, lethargy, sunken eyes, no tears, no urine, unusual sleepiness, tiredness, two vaccines, available that give short-lived, limited protection against the cholera bacteria, neither is currently available, booster doses, given regularly, people who remain in an area where cholera, risk, travelers should always take precautions, food, drinking water, vaccinated, outbreaks of cholera occur, efforts, directed toward establishing clean water, food, sanitation, vaccination is not very effective in managing outbreaks.