digitoxin, test…

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what the risks are blood test, blood test that measures the concentration of digitoxin, therapeutic-drug monitoring, blood is drawn, a vein on the inside, the elbow, the hand, puncture site is cleaned, antiseptic, an elastic band, around the upper arm to apply pressure, restrict blood flow, the vein, veins below the band to fill, blood, a needle is inserted, vein, blood is collected in an air-tight vial, a syringe, band is removed, restore circulation, once the blood has been collected, needle is removed, puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding, an infant, young child, area is cleansed, antiseptic, punctured, a sharp needle, a lancet, blood collected, pipette, small glass tube, on a slide, onto a test strip, into a small container, cotton, a bandage applied, puncture site, any continued bleeding, consult the health care provider, the need to take, not take, usual dose of medication, infants, children, test depends on child's age, previous experience, prepare child, infant test, procedure preparation, birth to 1 year, toddler test, procedure preparation, 1 to 3 years, preschooler test, procedure preparation, 3 to 6 years, schoolage test, procedure preparation, 6 to 12 years, adolescent test, procedure preparation, 12 to 18 years, the needle is inserted to draw blood, feel moderate pain, others feel only a prick, stinging sensation, some throbbing, main purpose of this test, monitor patients taking digitalis medications digitoxin, determine the effective drug dosage, prevent toxicity, monitoring the drug level is important, the margin of safety between therapeutic levels, toxic levels is narrow, normal therapeutic values, 10 to 30 ng/ml, toxicity is associated, values greater than 45 ng/ml, ng/ml = nanograms per milliliter, medication dosage, excessive, inadequate, digitalis toxicity is present, likely to develop, elevated value, risks associated, having blood drawn, excessive bleeding, fainting, feeling lightheaded, hematoma, blood accumulating under the skin, infection, a slight risk, the skin is broken, multiple punctures to locate veins, veins, arteries vary in size, obtaining a blood sample.