endometrial cancer…

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pelvic laparoscopy, female reproductive anatomy, d, c, endometrial biopsy, hysterectomy, uterus, endometrial cancer, endometrial/uterine adenocarcinoma, uterine cancer, adenocarcinoma, the endometrium/uterus, cancer, uterine, cancer, endometrial, endometrial cancer involves cancerous growth, the endometrium, lining, the uterus, endometrial cancer, most common type of uterine cancer, the exact cause of endometrial cancer, increased levels of estrogen appear to have a role, one of estrogen's normal functions, stimulate the buildup, the epithelial lining, the uterus, excess estrogen administered to laboratory animals produces endometrial hyperplasia, cancer, incidence of endometrial cancer in women, 2%, incidence peaks between the ages of 60, 70 years, 5% of cases, the age of 40 years, increased risk of developing endometrial cancer has been noted in women, increased levels of natural estrogen, associated conditions, obesity, hypertension, polycystic ovarian disease, increased risk is also associated, nulliparity, never having, carried a pregnancy, infertility, inability to, become pregnant, early menarche, onset of menstruation, late menopause, cessation of menstruation, women, a history of endometrial polyps, benign growths, the uterine lining, postmenopausal women who use estrogen-replacement therapy, specifically, not given in conjunction, periodic progestin, diabetes, at increased risk, tamoxifen, a drug, treat breast cancer, increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer, abnormal uterine bleeding, abnormal menstrual periods, bleeding between normal periods in premenopausal women, vaginal bleeding, spotting in postmenopausal women, in women older than 40, extremely long, heavy, frequent episodes of bleeding, indicate premalignant changes, lower abdominal pain, pelvic cramping, thin white, clear vaginal discharge in postmenopausal women, a pelvic examination is frequently normal, in the early stages of disease, in the size, consistency, the uterus, its surrounding, supporting structures, exist, the disease is more advanced, a pap smear either normal, abnormal cellular changes, endometrial aspiration, biopsy, assist the diagnosis, a dilation, curettage, d, c, procedure necessary, diagnosing, evaluating the cancer, stages of endometrial cancer, cancer is confined, uterine body, cancer involves, uterine body, cervix, does not extend any farther, cancer extends outside, the uterus but not beyond the true pelvis, gynecological organs, cancer, involve the lymph nodes, in the pelvis, near the aorta, major artery, in the abdomen, cancer has either spread, inner surface, the bowel, bladder, has spread beyond the true pelvis, abdomen, to distant organs, women, the early stage 1 disease candidates, surgical hysterectomy, removal, the tubes, ovaries, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 2 reasons, tumor cells, spread, ovaries very early, in the disease, dormant cancer cells that present could possibly be stimulated by estrogen production by the ovaries, abdominal hysterectomy is recommended over vaginal hysterectomy, affords the opportunity to examine, obtain washings, the abdominal cavity to detect any further evidence of cancer, women, stage 1 disease who, at increased risk, recurrence, stage 2 disease, offered surgery in combination, radiation therapy, chemotherapy considered especially, stage 3, 4 disease, stress of illness eased by joining a support group whose members share common experiences, cancer, support group, endometrial cancer, diagnosed, in the early stages, 75% of cases, in stage 1 at diagnosis, 15% of cases, in stage 2, 15% of cases, in stage 3, better probable outcome associated, it than, gynecological cancers cervical, ovarian cancer, 5-year survival rate, endometrial cancer following appropriate treatment, 95%, stage 1, 50%, stage 2, 30%, stage 3, less than 5%, stage 4, anemia, chronic loss of blood, occur woman has ignored symptoms of prolonged, frequent abnormal menstrual bleeding, a perforation, hole, the uterus, a d, c, an endometrial biopsy, any, above symptoms occur, a woman, associated risk factors, have not had women's health care examinations according to recommended schedules, all women should have regular pelvic exams, pap smears beginning, onset of sexual activity, age of 20, not sexually active, to help detect signs of any abnormal development, conditions associated, increased risk have been identified, women, such conditions to be followed more closely by doctors, frequent pelvic examinations, screening tests, a pap smear, endometrial biopsy, taking estrogen replacement therapy should also take these precautions, reported, bleeding, spotting after intercourse, douching, bleeding lasting longer than 7 days, periods that recur every 21 days, reappearance of blood, staining after 6 months, no bleeding at.