heart bypass surgery…

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heart, posterior heart arteries, atherosclerosis, anterior heart arteries, heart bypass surgery, bypass surgery, heart, cabg, coronary artery bypass graft, surgery, bypass clogged arteries supplying the heart, coronary arteries, the small blood vessels that supply the heart muscle, oxygen, nutrients, fats, cholesterol, accumulate inside these small arteries, arteries, become clogged, buildup of fat, cholesterol plaque, atherosclerosis, the coronary arteries becomes partially, totally blocked, heart, does not get an adequate blood supply, ischemic heart disease, coronary artery disease, cad, cause chest pain, angina, cad, does not cause pain, blood supply, heart becomes critically low, muscle begins to die, first symptom of cad in this case a potentially deadly heart attack, symptomless cad is especially common in diabetics, overview, the procedure, heart bypass surgery creates a detour, "bypass" around the blocked part of a coronary artery, restore the blood supply, heart muscle, surgery is commonly, coronary artery bypass graft, cabg, pronounced "cabbage", patient is anesthetized, completely free from pain, heart surgeon makes an incision, in the middle, the chest, separates the breastbone, incision, surgeon, see the heart, aorta, main blood vessel leading, heart, rest, after surgery, breastbone, rejoined, wire, incision, sewn closed, artery and vein grafts, a vein, leg, the saphenous vein, the bypass, an incision is made, in the leg, vein removed, vein is located on the inside, the leg, running, ankle, groin, saphenous vein, does only, 10%, the work of circulating blood, leg back, heart, taken out, harming the patient, adversely affecting the leg, common, the leg to swell slightly, recovery, surgery, temporary, treated by elevating the leg, internal mammary artery, ima, the graft, has the advantage of staying open, many more years than the vein grafts, situations, cannot be used, left ima, lima, an artery that runs next, sternum on the inside, the chest wall, disconnected, chest wall, affecting the blood supply, chest, commonly connected, artery on the heart that supplies most, the muscle, left anterior descending artery, lad, arteries, used in bypass surgery, most common of these, radial artery, the two arteries that supply the hand, blood, removed, arm, impairment of blood supply, hand, traditional approach, traditional surgery, patient is connected, heart-lung machine, bypass pump, adds oxygen, blood, circulates blood to other parts, surgery, necessary, the heart muscle must be stopped, the graft, one end, the graft is stitched to an opening below the blockage, in the coronary artery, grafted vessel, saphenous vein, radial artery, its other end is stitched to an opening made, in the aorta, grafted vessel, mammary artery, its other end is already connected, aorta, entire surgery, take 4-6 hours, surgery, patient is taken, intensive care unit, surgery, patient is connected to monitors, tubes, techniques, surgical techniques, used more frequently, one popular method, avoid the use, the heart-lung machine, off-pump coronary artery bypass, opcab, operation allows the bypass to be created the heart is still beating, advantage here, use, the heart-lung machine, lead to some loss of memory, mental clarity, opcab, risk is reduced, the heart isn't stopped, blood isn't oxygenated externally, another alternative, use of smaller incisions that avoid splitting the breastbone, minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass, midcab, coronary bypass surgery, the aid of a robot, allows the surgeon to perform the operation, in the same room, the patient, coronary artery bypass surgery, treatment option, ischemic heart disease, too little blood reaching the heart muscle, coronary surgery, is disease, the left main coronary artery, disease of three, vessels, triple vessel disease, nonsurgical management hasn't worked, nonsurgical management includes medication, angioplasty, earliest symptoms of ischemic heart disease include angina, chest pain, shortness of breath, have no symptoms, have mild, intermittent chest pain, have more pronounced, steady pain, still others have cad that is severe enough to make everyday activities difficult, symptoms that, bring a person to a doctor, a feeling of heaviness, tightness, pain, burning, pressure, squeezing, behind the breastbone, it, in the arms, neck, jaw, have heart attacks, ever having any of these symptoms, in cases where, no symptoms, a doctor, suspect cad, perform a stress test, cad is sometimes suspected, family history of heart disease, of other factors, high blood cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, male, cad, much, one person to another, way it is diagnosed, heart bypass surgery is just one treatment, considering the risks of cabg, important to remember that bypass surgery has been performed, more than 30 years, cardiovascular surgeons have received extensive training in bypass techniques, the most frequently performed major surgery, over a half million done each year, surgery, health, the patient, prior to surgery, major consideration in determining risks, health conditions, prior to surgery, patients over 70, at a slightly higher risk, complications, gender, women have a slightly higher risk, previous heart surgery, puts a person at a higher risk, having another serious medical condition, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, kidney disease, lung disease, risks in having cabg, heart attack, occurs in 5% of these surgeries, stroke, occurs in 5% of these surgeries, risk is greatest in those over 70, blood clots, death, occurs in 1-2% of those, the surgery, 95-98% have no serious complications, sternal wound infection, occurs in 1-4% of these surgeries, complication, often associated, obesity, diabetes, having had previous cabg, 30% of patients, "post-pericardiotomy syndrome", occur anywhere, a few days to 6 months after surgery, symptoms of this syndrome, fever, chest pain, incision, in the chest, graft site, graft was, leg, arm, itchy, sore, numb, bruised, report memory loss, loss of mental clarity, "fuzzy thinking" following cabg, all surgeries, risk, heavy bleeding, in case a transfusion is needed, after surgery, ask doctor, making arrangements, an "autologous" pre-operative blood donation, banking own blood, surgery, have family, friends, a compatible blood type donate blood, surgery, hospital, red cross, local blood bank, provide family members, friends, necessary information, blood donation, surgery, general risks from anesthesia, reactions to medications, problems breathing, every year over one half million americans have coronary bypass surgery to relieve symptoms, prolong lives, majority of people, the surgery, grafts remain open, functioning, 10 to 15 years, cabg, improve blood flow, heart but not, prevent the eventual recurrence of coronary blockage, lifestyle changes, not smoking, improved diet, regular exercise, treating high blood pressure, high cholesterol, operation, spend 5-7 days, in the hospital, the first 2 hours in an intensive-care unit, icu, icu, heart function is monitored continuously, patients, require the temporary assistance of a breathing tube, few hours after surgery, two to three tubes, in the chest drain fluid from around the heart, removed one to three days after surgery, a urinary catheter, in the bladder drains urine, patient is able to void on his own, intravenous lines, iv, provide fluids, medications, nurses watch the monitors, check vital signs, pulse, temperature, breathing, constantly, constant monitoring is no longer needed, 12-24 hours, patient is moved to a regular, a transitional care unit, activity is gradually resumed, a cardiac rehabilitation program, a few days, incision, in the chest, does not bother most people, first 48-72 hours, after surgery, takes 4-6 weeks to start feeling better, recovery it is normal to, poor appetite, take several weeks, it to return, have swelling, in the leg graft was taken, leg, elevating the leg, wearing elastic ted hose, several weeks helps reduce swelling, have difficulty sleeping at night, improve, have constipation, have mood swings, feel depressed, get better, have difficulty, short-term memory, feel confused, also improves, full benefits, operation, not be determined, 3-6 months after surgery, sexual activities resumed 4 weeks after surgery, all activities that, not cause fatigue, permitted, schedule, resuming normal activities is determined, the physician.