hepatitis b…

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hepatitis b virus, digestive system, aggressive hepatitis, gianotti-crosti syndrome on the leg, hepatitis b, term "hepatitis", syndromes, diseases causing liver inflammation, inflammation, due to viruses, chronic alcohol abuse, viruses causing hepatitis include hepatitis a, b, c, e, delta factor, each virus causes, a distinct syndrome, though they share some symptoms, consequences, most people who, become infected, hepatitis b get rid, the virus, 6 months, a short infection is known, an "acute" case of hepatitis b, 10% of people infected, the hepatitis b virus develop a chronic, life-long infection, chronic infection, have symptoms, many of these patients never develop symptoms, patients, "carriers", spread the disease to others, having chronic hepatitis b increases chance of permanent liver damage, cirrhosis, scarring, the liver, liver cancer, hepatitis b is transmitted via blood, body fluids, infection, contact, blood in healthcare settings, puts physicians, nurses, dentists, healthcare personnel at risk, unsafe sex, an infected person, blood transfusions, sharing needles, drug use, receiving a tattoo, acupuncture, contaminated instruments, birth, an infected mother, transmit the virus, baby, delivery, shortly thereafter, at higher risk, people who live, someone, hepatitis b, healthcare workers, should get the hepatitis b vaccine, in acute hepatitis, takes, 1 to 6 months, time of infection, disease manifests, early symptoms, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue, muscle, joint aches, jaundice, together, dark urine, light stools, 1 percent of patients infected, hepatitis b die, due to liver damage in this early stage, risk of becoming chronically infected depends on the age, time of infection, than 90% of newborns, 50% of children, less than 5% of adults infected, hepatitis b develop chronic hepatitis, most damage from hepatitis b virus, body's response, infection, body's immune response against the infected liver cells, hepatocytes, damages the cells, causing liver inflammation, hepatitis, liver enzymes, transaminases, leak out, the liver, blood, causing transaminase blood levels to be elevated, virus impairs the liver's ability to produce the clotting factor prothrombin, increasing the time required, blood clot formation, prothrombin time, liver damage also impairs the body's ability to rid of bilirubin, a breakdown product of old red blood cells, causing jaundice, yellow discoloration, the eyes, dark urine, fatigue, malaise, joint aches, low-grade fever, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, due to increased bilirubin, hepatitis b surface antigen, hbsag, represents the first viral marker present in blood tests, patient is infected, disappears, blood in 1-2 months, hepatitis b core antibody, anti-hbc, detected, 1-2 weeks, the appearance of hepatitis b surface antigen, hepatitis b surface antibody, anti-hbs, found both in those, been immunized, recovered from hepatitis infection, hepatitis b surface antibody, core antibody persist indefinitely, in the blood of patients, recovered from hepatitis b, liver enzyme, transaminase, blood levels elevated, due to liver damage, albumin levels low, prothrombin time prolonged, due to severe liver failure, acute hepatitis needs no treatment other than careful monitoring of liver function, by measuring serum transaminases, prothrombin time, in rare cases of liver failure, monitored in an intensive care unit, liver damage decreases the liver's ability to degrade proteins, patient's protein intake, restricted, oral lactulose, neomycin, administered, to limit protein production by bacteria, in the gut, patients, monitored, they recover, a liver transplant appears necessary, a liver transplant, definitive cure in cases of liver failure, treatment of chronic hepatitis is geared towards reducing inflammation, infectivity, treatment options include interferon, administered by injection, lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, administered orally, liver transplantation, treat end-stage chronic hepatitis b liver disease, liver disease support group, acute illness, subsides after 2 to 3 weeks, liver, returns to normal, 16 weeks, infected people develop chronic hepatitis, higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in those, had hepatitis b virus infection than, in the general population, hepatitis b is fatal in approximately 1% of cases of acute hepatitis b, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, symptoms of hepatitis b develop, hepatitis b symptoms, not resolve in 2, 3 weeks, new symptoms develop, belong to a high risk group, hepatitis b, have not yet been vaccinated against the disease, vaccination is safe, free of adverse effects, screening of all donated blood has reduced the likelihood of contracting hepatitis b, a blood transfusion, an initial screen, blood donors, required to fill out a questionnaire, sexual, drug use activities, blood of those who, in high-risk groups is not used, screen collected blood, the hepatitis b virus, mandatory reporting, the disease allows state health care workers to track people, been exposed, to immunize contacts, not yet, formerly, hepatitis b vaccine was made from human blood products, it was not received well by the public, hepatitis b vaccine is entirely artificial, no human products, cannot transmit either hepatitis b, aids virus, new vaccine is both safe, receiving the vaccine, require three vaccinations administered, a six month period to achieve full immunity, vaccination of babies has, become routine in pediatric care, in the us, sexual contact, a person who has acute, chronic hepatitis b, avoided, condoms, used consistently, properly, reduce transmission, sexual contact, immunization provides the only definitive protection against the virus, vaccination of those at high risk has been of only limited success, united states public health service, universal vaccination of all newborns, pre-pubertal teenagers, infants born of mothers who either currently have acute hepatitis b, had the infection receive a special immunization series, prevent viral transmission, administering hepatitis b immune globulin, a hepatitis b immunization, 12 hours of birth.