histocompatibility antigens…

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what the risks are blood test, bone tissue, hla typing, tissue typing, histocompatibility antigens, blood test that determines a person's major histocompatibility antigens, blood is drawn, a vein, the elbow, the hand, puncture site is cleaned, antiseptic, an elastic band, around the upper arm to apply pressure, vein to swell, blood, a needle is inserted, vein, blood is collected in an air-tight vial, a syringe, band is removed, restore circulation, once the blood has been collected, needle is removed, puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding, in infants, young children, area is cleansed, antiseptic, punctured, a sharp needle, a lancet, blood collected, pipette, small glass tube, on a slide, onto a test strip, into a small container, a bandage applied, puncture site, any bleeding, no preparation, infants, children, test depends on child's age, prepare child, infant test, procedure preparation, birth to 1 year, toddler test, procedure preparation, 1 to 3 years, preschooler test, procedure preparation, 3 to 6 years, schoolage test, procedure preparation, 6 to 12 years, adolescent test, procedure preparation, 12 to 18 years, the needle is inserted to draw blood, feel moderate pain, a prick, stinging sensation, some throbbing, hla, human leukocyte antigens, proteins found, in the membranes, outer coating, nearly every cell, all cells, a nucleus, antigens, in especially high concentrations on the surface of white blood cells, leukocytes, hla antigens, the major determinants used by the body's immune system, recognition, differentiation of self from non-self, foreign substances, many different major histocompatibility, hla, proteins, possesses only a small, relatively unique set that is inherited from parents, unlikely that 2 unrelated people, have the same hla make-up, children, on average, have one-half of hla antigens that match one-half, the mother's antigens, one-half, the child's antigens, match one-half, the father's antigens, particularly important in identifying good matches, tissue grafts, organ transplants, kidney transplant, bone marrow transplant, many hla molecules exist, special interest, more common in certain autoimmune diseases, hla-b27 antigen is found in 80-90% of people, ankylosing spondylitis, reiter's syndrome, aid, in the diagnosis of these diseases, hla-b27 is also present in 5-7% of people, autoimmune disease, mere presence of this hla molecule is not indicative of disease, hla types, relationships between children, parents, such relationships, in question, newer, specific genetic testing is now available, purpose, each person has unique hla antigens, identical twins, match each other, each person has unique hla patterns, hla types, certain conditions, "why, test performed", excessive bleeding, fainting, feeling light-headed, hematoma, blood accumulating under the skin, infection, a slight risk, the skin is broken, multiple punctures to locate veins, veins, arteries vary in size, obtaining a blood sample.