hyperkalemic periodic paralysis…

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muscular atrophy, paramyotonia congenita, periodic paralysis, hyperkalemic, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis is associated, elevated levels of potassium, in the bloodstream, disorder causes, occasional episodes of muscle weakness, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis is believed to be a genetic muscle disease, in most cases it is inherited, in other cases, occurs randomly, family group, disorder involves attacks of muscle weakness, paralysis, alternating, periods of normal muscle function, attacks, begin in early childhood, multiple daily attacks, not uncommon, attacks typically last only 1 to 2 hours, last, a day, tend to occur resting after exercise, exertion, attacks, triggerd by cold expsoure, eating small amounts of potassium, unlike other forms of periodic paralysis, familial periodic paralysis, thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis is not associated, low potassium, in the bloodstream, serum potassium, in fact, normal, high levels of potassium, in the bloodstream, between attacks, termed "normokalemic periodic paralysis", potassium is normal, attacks, glucose, insulin administration, trigger attacks of other forms of periodic paralysis, not trigger attacks of hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, giving potassium, treat weakness associated, the other disorders, worsens the weakness in this case, serum potassium levels, level that would be expected to cause paralysis, potassium level, remain normal, very slightly elevated, thought that the disorder, the muscle cell wall, way the body controls electrolyte levels, in the cell, electrolytes, molecules, capable of carrying an electrical current, sodium, potassium, weakness most commonly affects the muscles, the arms, legs, heart arrhythmias, occasionally develop, attacks, muscle strength is initially normal between attacks, repeated attacks, eventually cause progressive, persistent muscle weakness between attacks, family history of periodic paralysis, attacks triggered by fasting, attacks seldom occur, exercise but triggered by rest following exercise, disorders that cause intermittent episodes of paralysis, primary effect, uncommon, commonly, an intermittent episode of paralysis, weakness, symptom of another disorder, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis occurs in approximately 1 in every 100, 000 people, men, affected more often than women, have more severe symptoms, weakness/paralysis, most commonly located, in the shoulders, hips, arms, legs, involved, occurs intermittently, occur on awakening, triggered by rest after exercise, triggered by fasting, triggered by cold exposure, triggered by eating small amounts of potassium, lasts, less than 2 hours, spontaneous recovery of normal strength between attacks, normal alertness, attacks, suspect hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, family members having the disorder, symptoms that come, high results of a potassium test, ruling out other disorders, the cause of intermittent weakness, between attacks, examination is normal, an attack, following observed, reflexes decreased, absent, weakness is flaccid, rather than spastic, tight, weakness is greater in proximal muscle groups, near the body, shoulders, hips, than in distal groups, away, arms, legs, attacks, not triggered by tests that reduce serum potassium, giving insulin, glucose, triggered by giving potassium, serum potassium is normal, attacks, high between attacks, goals of treatment, relief of acute symptoms, prevention of further attacks, attacks, seldom severe, require emergency treatment, weakness, become worse, repeated attacks, prevent the attacks should occur, glucose, carbohydrates, sugars, an attack, reduce the severity, intravenous calcium, diuretics furosemide, given to stop sudden attacks, intravenous glucose, insulin cause potassium to move, cell, reduce weakness, a loss of total body potassium, a high-carbohydrate diet recommended, acetazolamide, a medication that prevents attacks of familial periodic paralysis, effective in preventing attacks of hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, thiazide diuretics chlorothiazide, have fewer side effects than acetazolamide, attacks resolve later in life on own, chronic attacks generally result in progressive muscle weakness that is present between attacks, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis responds well to treatment, prevent, reverse, progressive muscle weakness, kidney stones, a side effect of acetazolamide, heart arrhythmias, attacks, rare, not fatal, difficulty breathing, speaking, swallowing, attacks, rare, progressive muscle weakness, intermittent muscle weakness occurs, family history of periodic paralysis, fainting, difficulty breathing, difficulty speaking, difficulty swallowing occur, emergency symptoms, rare, treatment prevents attacks of weakness.