plague…

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flea, flea bite, close-up, antibodies, bubonic plague, pneumonic plague, septicemic plague, plague, severe, potentially deadly, infection, organism yersinia pestis, wild rodents, rats, spread the disease to humans, plague is spread among rodents by a flea bite, humans, get the plague, they touch, eat the infected animal, come in contact, it's feces, certain forms, the plague can be spread, human to human, when a plague victim, pneumonia coughs, microscopic droplets carrying the infection move, the air, anyone who breathes in these particles, catch the disease, an epidemic started this way, middle ages, massive plague epidemics killed millions of people, plague is rare, has been known to occur in parts of california, utah, arizona, nevada, new mexico, three most common forms of plague, bubonic, an infection, the lymph nodes, pneumonic, an infection, the lungs, septicemic, an infection, the blood, incubation period is typically 2 to 10 days, short, a few hours, pneumonic plague, risk factors, plague, recent flea bite and exposure to rodents, rabbits, squirrels, prairie dogs, scratches, bites from infected domestic cats, bubonic plague, symptoms appear suddenly, after 2-5 days of exposure, bacteria, sudden onset of high fever, classic sign, smooth, painful swelling of a lymph glands, a buboe, most common area is the groin, swollen glands, ocur, in the armpits, neck, pain, in the area, the swelling, chills, general discomfort, ill feeling, malaise, muscular pain, severe headache, seizures, pneumonic plague, symptoms begin abruptly, 2-3 days after exposure, severe cough, frothy, bloody sputum, difficulty breathing, septicemic plague, blood infection, death, the signs of bubonic, pneumonic plague occur, fever, extreme illness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, low blood pressure, blood clotting problems, failure of several, all organ systems, indicate a plague infection, culture of bubo, culture of sputum, blood culture, lymph node culture, patients, the plague need immediate treatment withing 24 hours of initial symptom development, death unavoidable, treatment consists of antibiotics streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, oral tetracycline, children, after all the permanent teeth have erupted, permanently discolor teeth, still forming, oxygen, intravenous fluids, respiratory support, patients, pneumonic plague, strictly isolated from other patients, had contact, anyone infected by pneumonic plague, observed closely, given antibiotics, a preventive measure, half of bubonic plague victims die, not treated, all victims of pneumonic plague die, not treated, treatment reduces the death rate to 5%, symptoms develop after exposure to fleas, rodents, live in, have visited an area where plague occurs, rat control, surveillance, in the wild rodent population, the main measures, control the risk of epidemics, a vaccination is available, high-risk workers, its effectiveness is not clearly established, kool jl, risk of person-to-person transmission of pneumonic plague, clin infect dis, 2005 apr 15, 40(8), 1166-72, cobbs cg, chansolme dh, plague, dermatol clin, 2004 jul, 22(3), 303-12, vi, josko d, yersinia pestis, still a plague, in the 21st century, clin lab sci, 2004 winter, 17(1), 25-9.