rape…

Medical experts recommend this detailed explanation.

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post-traumatic stress disorder, sex, rape, date rape, rape is defined, sexual intercourse forced on a person, permission, according to most estimates, 80-90% of rapes, not reported to authorities, current trends project that 1 in 3 american women, sexually assaulted at some point, typical rape victim, 16-24 year-old woman, anyone, man, woman, adult, child, the victim of rape, most commonly, assailant, 25-44 year-old man who plans his attack, choses a woman, the same race, nearly half the time, victim knows the rapist at least casually, by working, living near him, alcohol is involved in more than 1 out of 3 rapes, over 50% of rapes occur, in the victim's home, rapist breaks, victim's home, gains access under false pretenses, asking, use the phone, posing, a repairman, salesman, rape, violent act, most commonly committed by a male upon a female, cases of rape have been reported, a woman has raped a man, rape, occur between members, the same sex, more prevalent in situations where access, opposite sex is restricted, prisons, military settings, single-sex schools, rape, act of violence expressed, sex, not primarily, sex, who face some form of discrimination, believed to be at higher risk of sexual assault, increased vulnerability, assume various forms, disabilities, limited language skills have a decreased ability to call, prostitutes, convicted prisoners have a decreased "perceived" credibility, prevention, most useful means of prevention available currently, make women more aware, the reality of rape, law enforcement agencies strongly advocate prevention, the best form of protection, following safety tips, help minimize the chance of victimized, keep doors/windows secured, locks, walking, jogging, stay out of secluded, isolated areas, arrange to, the activity, at least one other friend, rather than alone, best to engage in activities, daylight hours, try to appear strong, confident, aware, secure in surroundings, keep car doors locked driving, check back of car, intruders, prior to getting in, park in open, well-lighted areas, on public transportation, sit near the driver, up front, avoid sitting near groups of young men obviously associated, one another, consider taking a self-defense class, promote self-confidence, provide useful skills, strategies, different situations, carry items, call attention to, whistles, personal alarms, an assault attempt is initiated, scream loudly, blow a whistle, not hitchhike, vehicle breaks down, someone offers, to give a ride, ask the person to call, help stay locked in vehicle, numerous studies have shown, people, women, who respond, situation quickly, actively resist the attacker, more likely to avoid raped than those who exhibit either passive behavior, no resistance, rape, very traumatic event, victim, not be able to verbalize that she was actually raped, come to medical attention, different complaint, emotional reactions differ greatly, confusion, social withdrawal, tearfulness, nervousness, seemingly inappropriate laughter, numbness, hostility, fear, victim, variety of other physical concerns needing to be addressed, physical abuse, emergency room staff, specially trained to deal, all of these situations, signs and tests, a history, supportive, non-judgmental way, the details, the attack, the rape, where it occurred, what the victim has done, the attack, showered, changed clothes, opposed to coming, hospital, medical, investigating police present, to eliminate the need, the victim to repeatedly recall the incident, additional medical history, obtained includes, possibility of pregnancy, attack, the last menstrual period, a pertinent gynecological history, prior sexual abuse, assault, presence of chronic illness, recent illness, injury, current medications, a complete physical examination, document any objective signs of trauma, pictures, note bruises, scrapes, cuts, x-rays, fractures, suspected, numerous samples, specimens collected, evidence, clothing, pubic hair samples, foreign materials, noted, fingernail scrapings, vaginal, mouth, anal, samples to examine, evidence of sperm, sexually transmitted diseases, in many cities, rape cases, referred to specific emergency rooms, has allowed those sites, more specialized care, the unique needs, the rape victim, assure proper procedures, followed to maintain the "chain of evidence" necessary, case, go to trial, such sexual assault treatment centers, employ, have available on-call, a team specialized in assessing, dealing, the psychosocial, physical, legal issues a rape victim faces, most state laws, require that the victim be evaluated, in the emergency room, rape officially reported, recommended that a rape victim go, hospital immediately, rape occurs, changing clothes, showering, douching, urinating, such activities, destroy evidence helpful in identifying, prosecuting the rapist, treatment focuses upon providing sufficient emotional support attempting to collect adequate objective evidence to verify the victim's complaint of rape, victim has a support person she wants present, efforts, made to make that possible, someone, nurse, "assigned" to stay, the victim throughout the interviews, examination, victim should not be left alone, wishes to be, offered the choice of initially interviewed in street clothes rather than directed to disrobe, put on a patient gown, examination, collection of specimens, fully explained beforehand, victim, whenever possible, victim, given choices in an attempt to regain a sense of control, maintaining a supportive environment, free from any judgmental statements, encourage the victim to express whatever feelings arise, treatment includes addressing any potential, pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, offering information pertinent to those possibilities, providing care, the immediate physical, emotional trauma incurred, planning follow-up care, chance that the rapist is hiv-infected, post-exposure prophylaxis, pep, a way to reduce the odds of infection by immediate use of antiretroviral medications, explained, offered, referral to a local rape crisis center helpful, the victim to receive peer support, advice necessary, adequate healing, trauma, recovery, a rape typically includes the acute phase, immediate period of physical pain, wound healing, emotional reactions, coping mechanisms put into action, reorganization phase, one week, rape, lasting months to years, the victim attempts to restructure, "get on, life", group psychotherapy, rape survivors, been show to be the most effective treatment, complications, women, never fully able to emotionally recover, a rape, posttraumatic stress disorder, ptsd, common complication, symptoms include recurrent nightmares, intrusive memories, flashbacks, the event, social withdrawal, depression, anxiety, numbing of emotions, cognitive psychotherapy, antidepressant medications have been shown to be effective treatments, ptsd, than 50% of rape victims have some difficulty in re-establishing relationships, spouses, partners, unattached, in re-entering the "dating scene", pre-existing psychiatric disorders worsened, suicidal behaviors, depression, substance abuse, become more prominent, have been raped, nearest emergency room right away, not shower, change clothes, the victim of past sexual assault but never sought, received adequate care, have been raped, experiencing personal, relationship problems.