thyroid cancer, papillary carcinoma…

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endocrine glands, thyroid cancer, ct scan, thyroid cancer, ct scan, thyroid enlargement, scintiscan, thyroid gland, papillary carcinoma, the thyroid, papillary carcinoma, the thyroid, most common cancer, the thyroid gland, thyroid cancer, anaplastic carcinoma, the thyroid, follicular carcinoma, the thyroid, medullary carcinoma, the thyroid, lymphoma, the thyroid, 70-75% of all thyroid cancers diagnosed, papillary carcinoma, more common in women than in men, cancer, mutations that effect cell growth, in the thyroid, play a role, exposure to external radiation, neck increases the risk of developing thyroid cancer, risk remains elevated, 20 years after exposure to high-dose radiation, intravenous exposure to radiation, medical tests, treatments, does not increase the risk of developing thyroid cancer, thyroid cancer, a nodule, small lump, bump, thyroid gland, diagnosis is made by fine-needle aspiration, emphasized that most thyroid nodules, 90%, benign, harmless, noncancerous, a thyroid nodule, evaluated by blood work, a thyroid ultrasound, nodule which is greater that 1.0 cm on ultrasound, further evaluated, fine needle aspiration, fna, fna is used, a nodule, in the thyroid gland is cancerous, benign, a needle is inserted, nodule, a small amount, tissue is taken, needle, in the office, ultrasound guidance, thyroid function tests, normal in patients, thyroid cancer, three parts to thyroid cancer treatment, surgery, radioactive iodine, hospitals best equipped to treat thyroid cancer, the large academic centers, surgeons, endocrinologists at these centers see many patients, thyroid cancer, experts in operating on, treating this cancer, up-to-date on the latest developments, treatment of cancer, surgery, performed to remove, the tumor, the tumor, dictate how, the thyroid gland is removed, entire thyroid gland is removed, surgery, patients, radioactive iodine, targets any leftover thyroid tissue, destroys it, also helps in imaging to look, additional cancer, surgery is not an option, external radiation therapy, useful, cancer has spread to other parts, surgery to alleviate compression on bones, nerves by large tumors, after surgery, take replacement thyroid hormone, medication, levothyroxine sodium, routine follow-up after treatment involves blood tests every 3 to 6 months, a radioactive iodine, i-131, scan at 9 to 12 months, yearly, ten-year prognosis, papillary cancer, the thyroid is good, 95% of adults, cancer survive 10 years, prognosis is better, patients younger than 40, smaller tumors, soft-tissue invasion by the cancer, large tumors, older than 40, presence of distant metastases, cancer that has spread to distant parts, worse prognostic signs, thyroid gland has been removed, replacement of thyroid hormone, a drug, levothyroxine, one must take this, complications include accidental removal, the parathyroid glands, a gland involved in regulating calcium levels, damage to a nerve that controls the vocal cords, spreading of cancer to lymph nodes, blood vessels to other sites, metastasis, occurs, symptoms of this disorder occur, thyroidectomy, new symptoms develop, muscle twitching, cramps, changes in voice.